| Abstract | Empatija je prepoznata kao jedna od najvažnijih stavki uspješnog međuljudskog odnosa, a trendovi smanjivanja empatije u mlađim generacijama zabrinjavaju. Zbog toga je cilj ovog istraživanja bio ispitati odnos adaptivnih (ekstraverzija, otvorenost, savjesnost, emocionalna stabilnost i ugodnost) i neadaptivnih (narcizam, makijavelizam, psihopatija i sadizam) osobina ličnosti s razinom empatije mjerenom samoprocjenama i fiziološkim mjerama. Uzorak ovog istraživanja sastojao se od 113 sudionika u dobi od 18 do 64 godine, od čega je 54% sudionika ženskog spola. Za mjerenje empatije korišten je Upitnik kognitivne i afektivne empatije. Za mjerenje adaptivnih osobina ličnosti korišten je Petofaktorski inventar ličnosti, a za mjerenje neadaptivnih osobina ličnosti Kratka mračna tetrada. Dodatno, za fiziološku mjeru empatije korištena je elektrodermalna aktivnost mjerena uređajem Obimon EDA prije i tijekom gledanja podražajnog materijala za izazivanje empatije. Za provjeru hipoteza korištena je parcijalna korelacija uz kontrolu varijabli spol i volontiranje. Rezultati upućuju na pozitivnu povezanost samoprocjene empatije i ugodnosti i otvorenosti, te negativnu povezanost empatije i savjesnosti. Dodatno, emocionalna stabilnost, ekstraverzija, makijavelizam, narcizam, psihopatija i sadizam nisu povezani sa samoprocjenama empatije. Konačno, fiziološke mjere empatije nisu bile povezane s adaptivnim i neadaptivnim osobinama ličnosti. Rezultati ovog istraživanja ukazuju na važnost proučavanja empatije u okviru osobina ličnosti. Međutim, potrebna su dodatna istraživanja kako bi se razjasnilo doživljavanje empatije na fiziološkoj razini i kako bi se razjasnila povezanost empatije s drugim osobinama ličnosti. |
| Abstract (english) | Empathy is recognized as one of the most important items of a successful interpersonal relationship, and trends of decreasing empathy in younger generations are a concern. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between adaptive (extraversion, openness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and agreeableness) and maladaptive (narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism) personality traits with a level of empathy measured by self-assessments and physiological measures. The sample of this study consisted of 113 participants aged 18 to 64, of which 54% were women. To measure empathy, the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy was used. The Big Five Inventory was used to measure adaptive personality traits, and a Short Dark Tetrad to measure maladaptive personality traits. In addition, for a physiological measure of empathy, electrodermal activity measured by the Obimon EDA device was used before and during the viewing of stimulant material to induce empathy. Partial correlation, controlling for gender and volunteering, was used to verify the hypotheses. The results point to a positive correlation between selfassessment of empathy and agreeableness, between empathy and openness, and a negative correlation between empathy and conscientiousness. In addition, emotional stability, extraversion, Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, and sadism are not correlated with self-assessments of empathy. Finally, physiological measures of empathy were not correlated with adaptive and maladaptive personality traits. The results of this research indicate the importance of researching empathy within personality traits. However, additional research is needed to clarify experiencing empathy at the physiological level and to clarify the correlation between empathy and other personality traits. |
